diff --git a/zhenxun/services/llm/adapters/base.py b/zhenxun/services/llm/adapters/base.py
index 01e7d7c7..67888816 100644
--- a/zhenxun/services/llm/adapters/base.py
+++ b/zhenxun/services/llm/adapters/base.py
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ class ResponseData(BaseModel):
     """响应数据封装 - 支持所有高级功能"""
 
     text: str
-    image_bytes: bytes | None = None
+    images: list[bytes] | None = None
     usage_info: dict[str, Any] | None = None
     raw_response: dict[str, Any] | None = None
     tool_calls: list[LLMToolCall] | None = None
@@ -246,17 +246,17 @@ class BaseAdapter(ABC):
             if content:
                 content = content.strip()
 
-            image_bytes: bytes | None = None
+            images_bytes: list[bytes] = []
             if content and content.startswith("{") and content.endswith("}"):
                 try:
                     content_json = json.loads(content)
                     if "b64_json" in content_json:
-                        image_bytes = base64.b64decode(content_json["b64_json"])
+                        images_bytes.append(base64.b64decode(content_json["b64_json"]))
                         content = "[图片已生成]"
                     elif "data" in content_json and isinstance(
                         content_json["data"], str
                     ):
-                        image_bytes = base64.b64decode(content_json["data"])
+                        images_bytes.append(base64.b64decode(content_json["data"]))
                         content = "[图片已生成]"
 
                 except (json.JSONDecodeError, KeyError, binascii.Error):
@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ class BaseAdapter(ABC):
                     if url_str.startswith("data:image/png;base64,"):
                         try:
                             b64_data = url_str.split(",", 1)[1]
-                            image_bytes = base64.b64decode(b64_data)
+                            images_bytes.append(base64.b64decode(b64_data))
                             content = content if content else "[图片已生成]"
                         except (IndexError, binascii.Error) as e:
                             logger.warning(f"解析OpenRouter Base64图片数据失败: {e}")
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ class BaseAdapter(ABC):
                 text=final_text,
                 tool_calls=parsed_tool_calls,
                 usage_info=usage_info,
-                image_bytes=image_bytes,
+                images=images_bytes if images_bytes else None,
                 raw_response=response_json,
             )
 
diff --git a/zhenxun/services/llm/adapters/gemini.py b/zhenxun/services/llm/adapters/gemini.py
index 75498f49..b3fb109d 100644
--- a/zhenxun/services/llm/adapters/gemini.py
+++ b/zhenxun/services/llm/adapters/gemini.py
@@ -408,7 +408,7 @@ class GeminiAdapter(BaseAdapter):
             parts = content_data.get("parts", [])
 
             text_content = ""
-            image_bytes: bytes | None = None
+            images_bytes: list[bytes] = []
             parsed_tool_calls: list["LLMToolCall"] | None = None
             thought_summary_parts = []
             answer_parts = []
@@ -423,10 +423,7 @@ class GeminiAdapter(BaseAdapter):
                 elif "inlineData" in part:
                     inline_data = part["inlineData"]
                     if "data" in inline_data:
-                        image_bytes = base64.b64decode(inline_data["data"])
-                        answer_parts.append(
-                            f"[图片已生成: {inline_data.get('mimeType', 'image')}]"
-                        )
+                        images_bytes.append(base64.b64decode(inline_data["data"]))
 
                 elif "functionCall" in part:
                     if parsed_tool_calls is None:
@@ -494,7 +491,7 @@ class GeminiAdapter(BaseAdapter):
             return ResponseData(
                 text=text_content,
                 tool_calls=parsed_tool_calls,
-                image_bytes=image_bytes,
+                images=images_bytes if images_bytes else None,
                 usage_info=usage_info,
                 raw_response=response_json,
                 grounding_metadata=grounding_metadata_obj,
diff --git a/zhenxun/services/llm/api.py b/zhenxun/services/llm/api.py
index 2e0932a6..23da7f1b 100644
--- a/zhenxun/services/llm/api.py
+++ b/zhenxun/services/llm/api.py
@@ -339,7 +339,7 @@ async def _generate_image_from_message(
 
             response = await model_instance.generate_response(messages, config=config)
 
-            if not response.image_bytes:
+            if not response.images:
                 error_text = response.text or "模型未返回图片数据。"
                 logger.warning(f"图片生成调用未返回图片，返回文本内容: {error_text}")
 
diff --git a/zhenxun/services/llm/manager.py b/zhenxun/services/llm/manager.py
index c6f8384e..dbe6d675 100644
--- a/zhenxun/services/llm/manager.py
+++ b/zhenxun/services/llm/manager.py
@@ -5,12 +5,12 @@ LLM 模型管理器
 """
 
 import hashlib
-import json
 import time
 from typing import Any
 
 from zhenxun.configs.config import Config
 from zhenxun.services.log import logger
+from zhenxun.utils.pydantic_compat import dump_json_safely
 
 from .config import validate_override_params
 from .config.providers import AI_CONFIG_GROUP, PROVIDERS_CONFIG_KEY, get_ai_config
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ def _make_cache_key(
 ) -> str:
     """生成缓存键"""
     config_str = (
-        json.dumps(override_config, sort_keys=True) if override_config else "None"
+        dump_json_safely(override_config, sort_keys=True) if override_config else "None"
     )
     key_data = f"{provider_model_name}:{config_str}"
     return hashlib.md5(key_data.encode()).hexdigest()
diff --git a/zhenxun/services/llm/service.py b/zhenxun/services/llm/service.py
index 4708020c..5b95bdf4 100644
--- a/zhenxun/services/llm/service.py
+++ b/zhenxun/services/llm/service.py
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ from pydantic import BaseModel
 
 from zhenxun.services.log import logger
 from zhenxun.utils.log_sanitizer import sanitize_for_logging
+from zhenxun.utils.pydantic_compat import dump_json_safely
 
 from .adapters.base import RequestData
 from .config import LLMGenerationConfig
@@ -194,13 +195,15 @@ class LLMModel(LLMModelBase):
             sanitized_body = sanitize_for_logging(
                 request_data.body, context=sanitizer_req_context
             )
-            request_body_str = json.dumps(sanitized_body, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2)
+            request_body_str = dump_json_safely(
+                sanitized_body, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2
+            )
             logger.debug(f"📦 请求体: {request_body_str}")
 
             http_response = await http_client.post(
                 request_data.url,
                 headers=request_data.headers,
-                json=request_data.body,
+                content=dump_json_safely(request_data.body, ensure_ascii=False),
             )
 
             logger.debug(f"📥 响应状态码: {http_response.status_code}")
@@ -394,7 +397,7 @@ class LLMModel(LLMModelBase):
             return LLMResponse(
                 text=response_data.text,
                 usage_info=response_data.usage_info,
-                image_bytes=response_data.image_bytes,
+                images=response_data.images,
                 raw_response=response_data.raw_response,
                 tool_calls=response_tool_calls if response_tool_calls else None,
                 code_executions=response_data.code_executions,
@@ -424,7 +427,7 @@ class LLMModel(LLMModelBase):
 
             policy = config.validation_policy
             if policy:
-                if policy.get("require_image") and not parsed_data.image_bytes:
+                if policy.get("require_image") and not parsed_data.images:
                     if self.api_type == "gemini" and parsed_data.raw_response:
                         usage_metadata = parsed_data.raw_response.get(
                             "usageMetadata", {}
diff --git a/zhenxun/services/llm/types/content.py b/zhenxun/services/llm/types/content.py
index bd32e32b..2ceee5a4 100644
--- a/zhenxun/services/llm/types/content.py
+++ b/zhenxun/services/llm/types/content.py
@@ -425,7 +425,7 @@ class LLMResponse(BaseModel):
     """LLM 响应"""
 
     text: str
-    image_bytes: bytes | None = None
+    images: list[bytes] | None = None
     usage_info: dict[str, Any] | None = None
     raw_response: dict[str, Any] | None = None
     tool_calls: list[Any] | None = None
diff --git a/zhenxun/services/renderer/service.py b/zhenxun/services/renderer/service.py
index 61a8650c..0e2a1413 100644
--- a/zhenxun/services/renderer/service.py
+++ b/zhenxun/services/renderer/service.py
@@ -217,16 +217,17 @@ class RendererService:
         context.processed_components.add(component_id)
 
         component_path_base = str(component.template_name)
+        variant = getattr(component, "variant", None)
         manifest = await context.theme_manager.get_template_manifest(
-            component_path_base
+            component_path_base, skin=variant
         )
 
         style_paths_to_load = []
-        if manifest and manifest.styles:
+        if manifest and "styles" in manifest:
             styles = (
-                [manifest.styles]
-                if isinstance(manifest.styles, str)
-                else manifest.styles
+                [manifest["styles"]]
+                if isinstance(manifest["styles"], str)
+                else manifest["styles"]
             )
             for style_path in styles:
                 full_style_path = str(Path(component_path_base) / style_path).replace(
@@ -383,6 +384,7 @@ class RendererService:
                 )
 
                 temp_env.globals.update(context.theme_manager.jinja_env.globals)
+                temp_env.filters.update(context.theme_manager.jinja_env.filters)
                 temp_env.globals["asset"] = (
                     context.theme_manager._create_standalone_asset_loader(template_dir)
                 )
@@ -431,10 +433,11 @@ class RendererService:
                     component_render_options = {}
 
                 manifest_options = {}
+                variant = getattr(component, "variant", None)
                 if manifest := await context.theme_manager.get_template_manifest(
-                    component.template_name
+                    component.template_name, skin=variant
                 ):
-                    manifest_options = manifest.render_options or {}
+                    manifest_options = manifest.get("render_options", {})
 
                 final_render_options = component_render_options.copy()
                 final_render_options.update(manifest_options)
@@ -557,6 +560,8 @@ class RendererService:
             await self.initialize()
         assert self._theme_manager is not None, "ThemeManager 未初始化"
 
+        self._theme_manager._manifest_cache.clear()
+        logger.debug("已清除UI清单缓存 (manifest cache)。")
         current_theme_name = Config.get_config("UI", "THEME", "default")
         await self._theme_manager.load_theme(current_theme_name)
         logger.info(f"主题 '{current_theme_name}' 已成功重载。")
diff --git a/zhenxun/services/renderer/theme.py b/zhenxun/services/renderer/theme.py
index 1740739b..410176b2 100644
--- a/zhenxun/services/renderer/theme.py
+++ b/zhenxun/services/renderer/theme.py
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+import asyncio
 from collections.abc import Callable
 import os
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any
 
-import aiofiles
 from jinja2 import (
     ChoiceLoader,
     Environment,
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ import ujson as json
 
 from zhenxun.configs.path_config import THEMES_PATH
 from zhenxun.services.log import logger
-from zhenxun.services.renderer.models import TemplateManifest
 from zhenxun.services.renderer.protocols import Renderable
 from zhenxun.services.renderer.registry import asset_registry
 from zhenxun.utils.pydantic_compat import model_dump
@@ -32,6 +31,20 @@ if TYPE_CHECKING:
 from .config import RESERVED_TEMPLATE_KEYS
 
 
+def deep_merge_dict(base: dict, new: dict) -> dict:
+    """
+    递归地将 new 字典合并到 base 字典中。
+    new 字典中的值会覆盖 base 字典中的值。
+    """
+    result = base.copy()
+    for key, value in new.items():
+        if isinstance(value, dict) and key in result and isinstance(result[key], dict):
+            result[key] = deep_merge_dict(result[key], value)
+        else:
+            result[key] = value
+    return result
+
+
 class RelativePathEnvironment(Environment):
     """
     一个自定义的 Jinja2 环境，重写了 join_path 方法以支持模板间的相对路径引用。
@@ -151,14 +164,42 @@ class ResourceResolver:
 
     def resolve_asset_uri(self, asset_path: str, current_template_name: str) -> str:
         """解析资源路径，实现完整的回退逻辑，并返回可用的URI。"""
-        if not self.theme_manager.current_theme:
+        if (
+            not self.theme_manager.current_theme
+            or not self.theme_manager.jinja_env.loader
+        ):
             return ""
 
+        if asset_path.startswith("@"):
+            try:
+                full_asset_path = self.theme_manager.jinja_env.join_path(
+                    asset_path, current_template_name
+                )
+                _source, file_abs_path, _uptodate = (
+                    self.theme_manager.jinja_env.loader.get_source(
+                        self.theme_manager.jinja_env, full_asset_path
+                    )
+                )
+                if file_abs_path:
+                    logger.debug(
+                        f"Jinja Loader resolved asset '{asset_path}'->'{file_abs_path}'"
+                    )
+                    return Path(file_abs_path).absolute().as_uri()
+            except TemplateNotFound:
+                logger.warning(
+                    f"资源文件在命名空间中未找到: '{asset_path}'"
+                    f"(在模板 '{current_template_name}' 中引用)"
+                )
+                return ""
+
         search_paths: list[tuple[str, Path]] = []
-        if asset_path.startswith("./"):
+        if asset_path.startswith("./") or asset_path.startswith("../"):
+            relative_part = (
+                asset_path[2:] if asset_path.startswith("./") else asset_path
+            )
             search_paths.extend(
                 self._search_paths_for_relative_asset(
-                    asset_path[2:], current_template_name
+                    relative_part, current_template_name
                 )
             )
         else:
@@ -209,6 +250,9 @@ class ThemeManager:
 
         self.jinja_env.filters["md"] = self._markdown_filter
 
+        self._manifest_cache: dict[str, Any] = {}
+        self._manifest_cache_lock = asyncio.Lock()
+
     def list_available_themes(self) -> list[str]:
         """扫描主题目录并返回所有可用的主题名称。"""
         if not THEMES_PATH.is_dir():
@@ -377,16 +421,26 @@ class ThemeManager:
                 logger.error(f"指定的模板文件路径不存在: '{component_path_base}'", e=e)
                 raise e
 
-        entrypoint_filename = "main.html"
-        manifest = await self.get_template_manifest(component_path_base)
-        if manifest and manifest.entrypoint:
-            entrypoint_filename = manifest.entrypoint
+        base_manifest = await self.get_template_manifest(component_path_base)
+
+        skin_to_use = variant or (base_manifest.get("skin") if base_manifest else None)
+
+        final_manifest = await self.get_template_manifest(
+            component_path_base, skin=skin_to_use
+        )
+        logger.debug(f"final_manifest: {final_manifest}")
+
+        entrypoint_filename = (
+            final_manifest.get("entrypoint", "main.html")
+            if final_manifest
+            else "main.html"
+        )
 
         potential_paths = []
 
-        if variant:
+        if skin_to_use:
             potential_paths.append(
-                f"{component_path_base}/skins/{variant}/{entrypoint_filename}"
+                f"{component_path_base}/skins/{skin_to_use}/{entrypoint_filename}"
             )
 
         potential_paths.append(f"{component_path_base}/{entrypoint_filename}")
@@ -410,28 +464,88 @@ class ThemeManager:
         logger.error(err_msg)
         raise TemplateNotFound(err_msg)
 
-    async def get_template_manifest(
-        self, component_path: str
-    ) -> TemplateManifest | None:
-        """
-        查找并解析组件的 manifest.json 文件。
-        """
-        manifest_path_str = f"{component_path}/manifest.json"
+    async def _load_single_manifest(self, path_str: str) -> dict[str, Any] | None:
+        """从指定路径加载单个 manifest.json 文件。"""
+        normalized_path = path_str.replace("\\", "/")
+        manifest_path_str = f"{normalized_path}/manifest.json"
 
         if not self.jinja_env.loader:
             return None
 
         try:
-            _, full_path, _ = self.jinja_env.loader.get_source(
+            source, filepath, _ = self.jinja_env.loader.get_source(
                 self.jinja_env, manifest_path_str
             )
-            if full_path and Path(full_path).exists():
-                async with aiofiles.open(full_path, encoding="utf-8") as f:
-                    manifest_data = json.loads(await f.read())
-                return TemplateManifest(**manifest_data)
+            logger.debug(f"找到清单文件: '{manifest_path_str}' (从 '{filepath}' 加载)")
+            return json.loads(source)
         except TemplateNotFound:
+            logger.trace(f"未找到清单文件: '{manifest_path_str}'")
             return None
-        return None
+        except json.JSONDecodeError:
+            logger.warning(f"清单文件 '{manifest_path_str}' 解析失败")
+            return None
+
+    async def _load_and_merge_manifests(
+        self, component_path: Path | str, skin: str | None = None
+    ) -> dict[str, Any] | None:
+        """加载基础和皮肤清单并进行合并。"""
+        logger.debug(f"开始加载清单: component_path='{component_path}', skin='{skin}'")
+
+        base_manifest = await self._load_single_manifest(str(component_path))
+
+        if skin:
+            skin_path = Path(component_path) / "skins" / skin
+            skin_manifest = await self._load_single_manifest(str(skin_path))
+
+            if skin_manifest:
+                if base_manifest:
+                    merged = deep_merge_dict(base_manifest, skin_manifest)
+                    logger.debug(
+                        f"已合并基础清单和皮肤清单: '{component_path}' + skin '{skin}'"
+                    )
+                    return merged
+                else:
+                    logger.debug(f"只找到皮肤清单: '{skin_path}'")
+                    return skin_manifest
+
+        if base_manifest:
+            logger.debug(f"只找到基础清单: '{component_path}'")
+        else:
+            logger.debug(f"未找到任何清单: '{component_path}'")
+
+        return base_manifest
+
+    async def get_template_manifest(
+        self, component_path: str, skin: str | None = None
+    ) -> dict[str, Any] | None:
+        """
+        查找并解析组件的 manifest.json 文件。
+        支持皮肤清单的继承与合并,并带有缓存。
+
+        Args:
+            component_path: 组件路径
+            skin: 皮肤名称(可选)
+
+        Returns:
+            合并后的清单字典,如果不存在则返回 None
+        """
+        cache_key = f"{component_path}:{skin or 'base'}"
+
+        if cache_key in self._manifest_cache:
+            logger.debug(f"清单缓存命中: '{cache_key}'")
+            return self._manifest_cache[cache_key]
+
+        async with self._manifest_cache_lock:
+            if cache_key in self._manifest_cache:
+                logger.debug(f"清单缓存命中(锁内): '{cache_key}'")
+                return self._manifest_cache[cache_key]
+
+            manifest = await self._load_and_merge_manifests(component_path, skin)
+
+            self._manifest_cache[cache_key] = manifest
+            logger.debug(f"清单已缓存: '{cache_key}'")
+
+            return manifest
 
     async def resolve_markdown_style_path(
         self, style_name: str, context: "RenderContext"
diff --git a/zhenxun/utils/common_utils.py b/zhenxun/utils/common_utils.py
index afc44f94..d7b14efc 100644
--- a/zhenxun/utils/common_utils.py
+++ b/zhenxun/utils/common_utils.py
@@ -126,12 +126,15 @@ class SqlUtils:
 def format_usage_for_markdown(text: str) -> str:
     """
     智能地将Python多行字符串转换为适合Markdown渲染的格式。
-    - 将单个换行符替换为Markdown的硬换行（行尾加两个空格）。
+    - 在列表、标题等块级元素前自动插入换行，确保正确解析。
+    - 将段落内的单个换行符替换为Markdown的硬换行（行尾加两个空格）。
     - 保留两个或更多的连续换行符，使其成为Markdown的段落分隔。
     """
     if not text:
         return ""
-    text = re.sub(r"\n{2,}", "<<PARAGRAPH_BREAK>>", text)
-    text = text.replace("\n", "  \n")
-    text = text.replace("<<PARAGRAPH_BREAK>>", "\n\n")
+
+    text = re.sub(r"([^\n])\n(\s*[-*] |\s*#+\s|\s*>)", r"\1\n\n\2", text)
+
+    text = re.sub(r"(?<!\n)\n(?!\n)", "  \n", text)
+
     return text
diff --git a/zhenxun/utils/pydantic_compat.py b/zhenxun/utils/pydantic_compat.py
index 2235f9ac..5bf3c19e 100644
--- a/zhenxun/utils/pydantic_compat.py
+++ b/zhenxun/utils/pydantic_compat.py
@@ -5,10 +5,14 @@ Pydantic V1 & V2 兼容层模块
 包括 model_dump, model_copy, model_json_schema, parse_as 等。
 """
 
+from datetime import datetime
+from enum import Enum
+from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Any, TypeVar, get_args, get_origin
 
 from nonebot.compat import PYDANTIC_V2, model_dump
 from pydantic import VERSION, BaseModel
+import ujson as json
 
 T = TypeVar("T", bound=BaseModel)
 V = TypeVar("V")
@@ -19,6 +23,7 @@ __all__ = [
     "_dump_pydantic_obj",
     "_is_pydantic_type",
     "compat_computed_field",
+    "dump_json_safely",
     "model_copy",
     "model_dump",
     "model_json_schema",
@@ -93,3 +98,26 @@ def parse_as(type_: type[V], obj: Any) -> V:
         from pydantic import TypeAdapter  # type: ignore
 
         return TypeAdapter(type_).validate_python(obj)
+
+
+def dump_json_safely(obj: Any, **kwargs) -> str:
+    """
+    安全地将可能包含 Pydantic 特定类型 (如 Enum) 的对象序列化为 JSON 字符串。
+    """
+
+    def default_serializer(o):
+        if isinstance(o, Enum):
+            return o.value
+        if isinstance(o, datetime):
+            return o.isoformat()
+        if isinstance(o, Path):
+            return str(o.as_posix())
+        if isinstance(o, set):
+            return list(o)
+        if isinstance(o, BaseModel):
+            return model_dump(o)
+        raise TypeError(
+            f"Object of type {o.__class__.__name__} is not JSON serializable"
+        )
+
+    return json.dumps(obj, default=default_serializer, **kwargs)